II. Changes in epithelial cell volume, resistance and response to antidiuretic hormone

Hans H. Ussing ¹, Thomas U. L. Biber ¹, and Neal S. Bricker ¹

¹ From the Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Dr. Biber' present address is Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Dr. Bricker's present address is Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Isolated frog skin epithelia undergo marked, but reversible swelling when the external skin surface is bathed with conventional NaCl Ringer's and the internal surface with KCl Ringer's solutions. In 2 hours, epithelial thickness increased by over twofold. When NaCl Ringer's was replaced on both sides of the skin, volume returned to control levels in less than 1 hour. When sulfate, rather than chloride, was the predominant anion, exposure of the internal surface to high potassium concentrations did not evoke changes in epithelial cell volume. With both KCl and K₂SO₄ Ringer's, an immediate drop in DC resistance across the skin occurred. This was followed by partial recovery. Both the immediate drop and partial recovery were unrelated to changes in volume. A slow, sustained secondary drop in resistance was observed with KCl but not K₂SO₄ Ringer's. This slower drop was associated temporally with swelling. When epithelial cell swelling occurred (i.e. with KCl Ringer's), the characteristic response of the skin to vasopressin was abolished. However, with sulfate as anion, vasopressin elicited an increase in short-circuit current and/or in cell volume despite high internal potassium concentrations. It is concluded that epithelial swelling increased the permeability of the sodium-selective barrier at the external surface of the cells; and the possibility exists that stretching of cell membranes altered dimensions of pathways through which Na and water move, thereby mimicking the effects of vasopressin.

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