The Journal of General Physiology
Avanti Polar Lipids
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The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 49, 59-79, Copyright © 1966 by The Rockefeller University Press

DNA AND ALTERATIONS OF DNA

Enzymatic Mechanisms of DNA Replication

Sankar Mitra 1 and Arthur Kornberg 1

1 From the Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto.

Dr. Mitra's present address is the Department of Biochemistry, The Bose Institute, Calcutta, India

DNA polymerases purified from several sources are characterized by replication of the 3'-hydroxy-terminated strand of a helical template. Failure to achieve simultaneous replication of the 5'-strand leads to aberrations in the synthesized DNA, described as nondenaturability and branching. Aberrations in synthesized DNA were not observed when (a) the 5'-strand was destroyed by a specific nuclease during the course of replication or (b) a single-stranded (circular) phage (M13) DNA served as template. Replication of a single-stranded, circular DNA produced a helical product, but the nature of initiation of a new strand by the circular template remains to be explained. Hypothetical mechanisms for simultaneous replication of the 5'-strand are presented as is the possibility that the tertiary structure of the DNA, as for example, a circular form of the helix, is of prime importance in in vivo replication.


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