|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
3-D, three dimensional
A
µA, microampere
pA, picoampere
Å, angstrom (10-10 m)
Ab, antibody
Ag, antigen
ANOVA, analysis of variance
atm, atmosphere
ATP, adenosine triphosphate (also ADP, AMP, CTP, UDP, etc.)
B
bp, basepair
Bq, Becquerel
BSA, bovine serum albumin
C
C, coulomb
µC, microcolombs
°C, degree Celsius
cAMP, cyclic AMP (also cGMP)
cDNA, complementary DNA
CFP, cyan fluorescent protein
CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
CHO, Chinese hamster ovary
Ci, curie(s)
mCi, millicurie(s)
µCi, microcurie(s)
CICR, Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release
Cm, membrane capacitance
CNG, cyclic nucleotide–gated
cpm, counts per minute
D
D, dalton
kD, kilodalton
d, day
diam, diameter
dpm, disintegrations per minute
DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide
DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
dsRNA, double-stranded RNA
DTT, dithiothreitol
E
ED50, 50% effective dose
EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EGTA, ethyleneglycol-bis(ß-amino- ethyl ether)-N,N,N',N `-tetra
acetic acid
ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ER, endoplasmic reticulum
F
FBS, fetal bovine serum
FCS, fetal calf serum
FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
FRAP, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
G
g, gram
kg, kilogram
G, conductance
g, unit of gravity
H
h, hour
HEPES, N-2-hydroxyethyl-piperazine-N `-2-ethanesulfonic acid
HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography
I
I, current
Ig, immunoglobulin
IL, interleukin (e.g., IL-2)
IU, international unit
i-V (and g-V), single-channel current voltage relation
I-V (and G-V), membrane current-voltage (or conductance-voltage) relation
K
°K, degree kelvin
kb, kilobase
kB, Boltzmann constant
kcal, kilocalorie(s)
Kd, dissociation constant
Ki, inhibition constant
Km, Michaelis constant
L
LD50, 50% lethal dose
M
m, meter
cm3 (not cc), cubic centimeter(s)
µm or 10-6 m (not µ) micrometer(s)
M, Molar mAb, monoclonal antibody
MEM, minimum essential medium
Mes, 2-(N -morpholino) ethane-sulfonic acid
µeq, microequivalent(s)
meq, milliequivalent(s)
MHC, major histocompatibility complex
min, minute(s)
ml, milliliter (but liter)
µl, microliter
mm Hg, millimeters of mercury
mol, mole
mol wt, molecular weight
MOPS, morpholino propane sulfonic acid
Mr, relative molecular mass
N
n, number in study or group
N, normal (concentration of ionizable groups)
ND, not determined
NMDG (and/or NMDA), N-methyl-D-glucamine (or
-arginine)
No., number
NS, not significant
O
OD, optical density
ORF, open reading frame
osM, osmolar
osmol, osmole(s)
µosmol, microosmole(s)
mosmol, milliosmole(s)
P
Pa, Pascal
kPa, kiloPascal
PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
PCR, polymerase chain reaction
PG, prostaglandin
Pi, inorganic orthophosphate
pI, isoelectric point
PIPES, piperazine-N,N `-bis(2-ethane sulfonic acid)
PKA, protein kinase A (also PKC, PKG)
PLA2, phospholipase A2 (also PLC)
PMA, phorbol myristate acetate
PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
R
r, correlation coefficient
R, gas constant
Rf, retardation factor
RFLP, restriction fragment length ,polymorphism
RIA, radioimmunoassay
RNA, ribonucleic acid
mRNA, messenger RNA
tRNA, transfer RNA
rpm, revolutions per minute
RYR, ryanodine receptor
S
s, second(s)
SD, standard deviation
SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
SEM, standard error of the mean
siRNA, small interfering RNA
sp act, specific activity
SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum
T
T, temperature in degrees Kelvin
t test, Student's t test
t1/2, half-life, half-time
TEA, tetraethylammonium
TLC, thin-layer chromatography
Tris, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane
V
V, volt
mV, millivolt
Vmax, maximum velocity
vol, volume
|
|